conlang sound change applier

Has the Melford Hall manuscript poem "Whoso terms love a fire" been attributed to any poetDonne, Roe, or other? files, including accented characters. Try creating a rule where /e/ only deletes in the second syllable and only if the first syllable is high vowel + affricate. Is there a sound change applier that will work within excel? So the variable definition and rule What are the general categories of sound changes? The question concerns Sound Change Appliers (SCAs). because the C will not match the digraph ch. International Phonetic Alphabet reference, Weston Ruter's International Phonetic Alphabet chart, Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures, https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Guide:Conlanging_tools&oldid=217154, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International. phonix, a feature-based sound-change applier. At year 800, introduce rule C that applies to all previous words, including new loan words. Consonants can palatalize before or after a front vowel ([i], [e]) or a palatal consonant ([j]), perhaps ending up as an affricate or fricative. It includes an online interface with descriptions of borrowed affixes in terms of their forms and functions, examples of combinations of borrowed affixes with native stems, search functions, maps, and over 230 bibliographical references.. Four vowels, with no /i/ sound. See also gen for lexicon generation, and phono for creating phonological inventories. Variables can only be one character long. You should see several of the words change, now retaining their final s.). That can be all there is, as in This would allow you to use (say) an IPA font. This would help us realize that we really need a sound change Some of the most common general processes are: Lenition, probably one of the most common sound changes, in which a "softer" sound becomes a "louder" sound. Latin did this, so that original flos and honos became flor and honor, to match their genitives floris and honoris. In my example I used Hello, r/conlangs! Notable members of the LCS are David J. Peterson, the creator of Dothraki, and John Quijada, who created Ithkuil. That doesn't seem too broad to me. you could define S to be any stop, or K for any coronal, or whatever. says to change u to 'Gross' is /atek/, 'very gross' is /atekul/, and 'inedible food' is /ategetul/. omits the source word from the output, leaving only output words, like this: I took these notes a few years ago from Lyle Campbell's Historical Linguistics 1st ed. A minor scale definition: am I missing something? This is better if you have, say, a parent language with several daughters each with their own sound change file. The notation used is the same as in @Doorknob's answer above. For instance, sounds will take It's a pretty powerful tool for something like I've been working on, creating a proto-conlang with multiple daughter languages. If neither --sound-classes-file nor --no-sound-classes are used, the following sound classes are used: This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. simply edit the source and output files with an editor, using that Sound changes can also result in homonyms. and the sound changes for Kebreni (right-click!). SIL provides a database, Ethnologue, of its research into the world's languages. The original and most famous sound change applier is the SCA by Zompist. The comparison is very simple-minded; in particular it cant keep track of added or deleted lines in the lexicon. A warning though: so they operate quickly, the rewrite rules are global and non-contextual. language family for ideas. Is "I didn't think it was serious" usually a good defence against "duty to rescue"? Jamie Norrish wrote: >Henrik Theiling writes: > >[Global and local boolean flags] > > In the way you can mark for dialects, my script allows . I find myself running the program multiple times, tweaking the rules A variable can also be set to a fixed value, or deleted. What should I follow, if two altimeters show different altitudes? You can then copy and paste a character into any of the input boxes. applies its changes to whatever you give it. insufficient vowel reduction) another 35% of the time. Sound Changes can happen both unilaterally (in every possible location) or only in certain environments. The notation above is a common practice in rule-based phonology (I think. This version is written in Javascript, which means it runs in your browser. [ Back to the Language Construction Kit ], A Mac executable, which you can download either in. What differentiates living as mere roommates from living in a marriage-like relationship? A bunch of information on reduplication phenomena, tricky search interface. You can apply these rules in certain contexts or in very instance. After centuries the stones will be smooth. use accented vowels for this. sound-changes conlanging historical-conlanging Updated Jun 6, 2017; Haskell; The -p command line parameter Example: Year 400, make word /atege/ (nasty, disgusting, gross), Year 500, form /atege/ + /tul/ (extremely, augmentive) --> /ategetul/, /ategetul/ stays /ategetul/ because there is no final /e/. It is intended for anyone who wants to create artificial languagesfor a fantasy or an alien world, as a hobby, as an interlanguage. etc. S=ptc To help with this, some conlangers have written computer programs called Sound change appliers that automate much of this work for you. cd c:\downloads\. N is any nasal. So, The replacement string can be blank, as in. If you have other suggestions for the page, please discuss it on the page's talk page before editing. E.g. The word is an example. I haven't been able to get solid answers. Again, this is a feature very common in the French language. Don't feel limited to delete all /e/ after a consonant. For example, final-obstruent devoicing in e.g. A few days ago I started work on an online sound change applier, similar to Mark Rosenfelder's SCA2. A boy can regenerate, so demons eat him for years. for this, though this is not a requirement. My plan to create these daughter languages is by using the zompist.com sound change applier app to evolve the words of my language into multiple daughter languages, and then apply semantic shifts, borrowings, and other pieces of worldbuilding contextbut that's a separate issue. It also refers to sounds that disappear altogether. of paradigmatic relationships of words and a capacity to analogize that are far beyond the reach of . Anyone who respects or admires you even if it's just your group of friends will start to subconsciously copy the way that you speak and that sound change will begin to spread. rules-file: text file with the rules; words-file: text file with the words--named-sound-change | -n to apply a named sound change to words passed on the command line, and then prints the words after the change; It is written in Python and uses configuration files in YAML, so you'll need to install Python (SCA is known to work with version 2.6, but probably won't with 3.x) and PyYAML to be able to use it.. SCA was originally written as an aid for linguists and . Save Input Words. At year 800, /atek/ means nasty and /tul/ means extremely but /ategetul/ means 'very gross food'. So if you have a rule, Epenthesis is supported by leaving the target part of the rule blank. Here's an example: At year 500, introduce loan words that didn't undergo rules A or B. Which ability is most related to insanity: Wisdom, Charisma, Constitution, or Intelligence? Curate this topic Add this topic to your repo . A nice geographic split (that may or may not actually mean much), much like that which exists within Indo-European languages. you could define S to be any stop, or K for any coronal, or whatever. Sound change appliers are powerful and useful tools, but they can have trouble with certain kinds of changes. c/i/F_t is a .lex or .sc file is really a Notepad (.txt) file. I didnt use * because a) its very computery and b) people may have used it in their sound changes and I didnt want to break them. Most of the time these slight differences are just noise and you go back to saying everything the same as before, but sometimes you make those mistakes often enough that they start to become a consistent part of your speech. All I can think of to As for b), the best way to get an idea for what kinds of things generally happen in languages is honestly probably just by reading about lots of different languages and seeing what tends to happen. -* Old Portuguese. The results may surprise you if you didnt realize your transcription system was ambigious. This means that s is deleted when it ends a word. For example, the hypothetical spirantization of [b] to [v] intervocalically could be notated as follows: This rule indicates that b becomes v when surrounded by a vowel (V) on each side. part that changes. Some features are: - it can run sound changes backward, reconstructing earlier forms of words, as well as forwards (which as far as I know no other sound change applier does); - it is fairly general in terms of the sound changes expressible; - it can understand X-SAMPA and (largely) CXS. A line beginning with * The rules can be written in any of the following forms: where x becomes y when x is between a and b. It doesn't matter: the program Hit Generate to create a random wordlist. Allows a quick access to all symbols and diacritics of the Phonetic Alphabet as of 2005. So you really have a lot of room for creativity here, while still being able to be naturalistic. Let's take a look at the most common ones. Add your rewrite rules at the top and bottom of the file, with the appropriate context specifications. Every week, the hosts George Corley, Bianca Richards (ne Mangum), William S. Annis, David J. Peterson and Mike Lentine, as well as the occasional guest talk about a conlanging- or linguistics-related topic one week and feature a conlang or natlang the next. For sound changes that happened after ca. What "benchmarks" means in "what are benchmarks for?". The /t/ deletes after another obstruent. For instance, you may wonder whether the .lex file should be More generally, a sound change looks like this: is there such a thing as "right to be heard"? The most infamous examples are the ruki rule, where [s] became [] but only after [r, w, k, j] (? variables can't include them. It also host an interactive glossary on linguistic features and terms. [ejmbow], [kokoa]). If you don't like that progression, try another one. (I encourage you to fill in the line as a comment, e.g. This option is good for applying a permanent lexical transformation to a list of words. One of the things I'm really passionate about is phonetics vs. phonology. The replacement string must be nonblank, and the environment must contain at least one symbol besides _. (Note: this is beta code; report errors to me at markrose at zompist.com.) Sometimes two parallel dialects run along slightly different tracks. The four non-lateral consonants ( [n] appears as a word final allophone of [], [p] is the most common realisation of the top right phoneme) And here are the vowels! You can write transformation rules at the beginning of your sound change list You won't have much control over what you get, but you may get something interesting. The Conlang Atlas of Language Structures, CALS, is a conlanging analogy to the World Atlas of Language Structures, which is an editable atlas over linguistic features in conlangs, for statistics, linking to the corresponding articles at WALS. says to delete voiced stops between vowels. This option is useful for very long vocabulary lists. About SCA Geoff's Sound Change Applier, SCA hereafter, is a program which applies rule-based transformations to strings of Unicode text. We have also added the hash to the second half of the equation, which indicates a word boundary (either initial or final). It is available in the form of a searchable archive, enabling its online users to retrieve universals in terms of any of the individual words or combinations of words that occur in their formulation or in their documentation. Fiat Lingua is a journal run by the LCS; all articles therein are produced by real-life conlangers and available online in .pdf format. So, with the word opera and the rules. For example, Here we are indicating that [x] becomes [h] when following [V], where [V] is "any vowel". I use A as any low vowel and I as any high vowel but I'm not sure how universal these are. Keep a date by your words to indicate when they were first incorporated into your language. What are common origins of accusative case markers? based on spellings or phonemes. I recently rejoined the subreddit after a long bout of silent conlanging. it won't add .txt to your file name. leitor The Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures, APiCS, is similar to WALS but is just for pidgins and creoles. i//VC_V Without this parameter, the output looks like this: For instance. You can define any variables needed to state your sound changes. -l overrides -b if present) and This can be very useful to see what the effect of a changed rule is. I use capital letters -f directs output to the output file only, Files include input lexicon affects the file sharing buttons. . Need help? to each word: The problem is that I have no idea how to even begin choosing rules for sound changes, nor how to describe them. I'm curious, and also want to know if I should switch out of using Zompist, which I've been using for the past long time. (In English, -tion turn verbs into nouns, -ify turn nouns into verbs, other amazing examples here ) Go ahead and give some examples, by combining some roots with each other and with inflections! Or you can output HTML or ZBB BBCode. Sound changes are born every time we speak. The __ indicates a "placeholder" for where the original sound was and where the new sound goes. Variables can only be one character long (unless you use rewrite rules). The 2014 edition includes 2155 inventories that contain 2160 segment types found in 1672 distinct languages., The World Phonotactics Database is a searchable database containing information about phonotactic restrictions of languages of the world. I cannot vouch for its relevancy in modern linguistics (rule-based phonology was all but forsaken at my school), but as a conlanger it is very useful. inflectional system. The child language is going to contain all the history. In that case, make sure Rewrite on output is unchecked. Haedus Toolbox Sound Change Applier and forum post here. TypeIt also features 20 Latin alphabets and their extensions as well as matematical, currency and miscellaneous Unicode symbols. Some web browsers have a couple of problems with the shortcuts when writing online, but mouse-clicking always works. can use alternate fields to indicate the conlang (i.e., the \lx heads are in the natlang, \ge is the English gloss, and \gn, nominally the "national language" gloss, could be used for the . Output format tells how you want each line of the output to look like. Once you have that, you can start trying to change the phonology of the proto-language into this child draft by selecting sound changes and adding them to a list. The members offer conlinguistic services and organises Language Creation Conferences for the conlanging community. If at a certain point in time there are some sounds X in words, they all will change to Y even if some of them were W a few centuries ago while some have been X since the beginning of the language. If a nasal consonant disappears, the mark it left on the vowel may remain, causing nasal vowels to become phonemic. dont use kh both for IPA /x/ and for the cluster /k h/. Make a note of how certain sounds are "eroded" or, I guess more properly, how they evolve. the executables, pick Save Target As, and save them to your disk. I'm not asking what sound changes are or how they work; just what I can do to begin using them on my own language. will be taken as a comment and ignored. explain particular environments and how they affect and restrict sound changes. or lexical rules to apply. Most people think English spelling is hopeless; but in fact the rules predict If you've done this right, the file won't Apply applies the sound changes to the input lexicon, generating the output lexicon. Although it seems like sound change happens regardless of grammar, this is not necessarily true. SCA - Sound Change Applier. (There are some general rules that determine what this actually means, although it can vary between languages). This is a common type of assimilation. You signed in with another tab or window. Press the Help button for full documentation. You could also use rewrite rules to allow longer or mnemonic names for your categories. A cohesive toolset for naturalistic conlang creation. The middle (y) part can be blank, as in . This has helped me age my language to make my sound systems consistent and to turn old roots into a modern lexicon. IPA will post a set of IPA and other useful Unicode characters to the Output area. The basic idea here is that when you're making your conlang you should have in your mind a parent language (or proto-language) and a child language. The second is suitable for use in a dictionary with the etymology in brackets. I will add more features as people request them or as I get new ideas. You can define any variables needed to state your sound changes. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. you might write. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Z=bdg that would handle the change from civitatem with /k/ to cidade with /s/. Thanks for reading! The advantage is that it supports Unicode, itll run on all systems, and you dont have to mess with ASCII or command lines anymore. Only show final output (no arrows) Save Output Words . The infinitive "poder" (can) is usually pronounced /pode/, but as a noun, "poder" (power) is pronounced /poder/, even colloquially. At year 800, /ategutul/ started to change meaning a be a bit more specific (semantic narrowing). A command-line sound change applier written in Python. So the above rule can also be written, The environment must always contain an underline _, representing the part that changes. . Take a look at the documentation and the Lexurgy subreddit! Are you sure you want to create this branch? Lateral consonants + Palatal click. This page was last edited on 27 December 2021, at 19:37. Phonetics is where list the sounds you use in your language. Chronlang is a simple computer language that allows you to define sound changes in a syntax based on linguistic literature and familiar to users of other popular sound change appliers. You might find that two or three daughter lineages kind of align in certain ways. For instance, You can regularise these sounds over time. See the enclosed LICENSE file for the full text of the license. I use capital letters for this, though this is not a requirement. It was then up to you, using cut and paste, to save these in a file. You can compare this to the Kebreni grammar in Virtual Verduria. However, it won't affect (say) achior, Here's how to read it: e > 0 / VC_# if consonants is dental (l, r, n, s, th) or y (Latin to Spanish), this means the sound /e/ becomes zero (or deletes) when it takes the place of the underscore in this phrase: VC_#(end of word) and if these conditions are met: only if the consonant is dental (l, r, n, s, th) or y (Latin to Spanish), so if you have a word that end in V,(l, r, n, s, th [and sometimes y]),e then the e will delete. Yasgheld is licensed under the MIT software license. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Well talk about exactly what that means below. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Conlang-L or Reddit or CBB would be forums better suited, but I do have some ideas that might serve to get you started. TriSCA - a new web-based sound change applier. Two different questions only mildly related = too broad. The Sound Change Applier 2 is an updated version of my C program which applies a set of sound changes to a lexicon. While there are general patterns, it's also important to note that some sound changes seem completely illogical and random, and just sort of happen. It usually refers to consonants becoming voiced and moving down the type of articulation table closer to being a semivowel. Svelte; Improve this page Add a description, image, and links to the sound-change-applier topic page so that developers can more easily learn about it. The proto-language is going to be a conlang just as we have been making up until this point and should not have any history to it. it's there-- you probably have file extensions turned off, and what you think The z part must always contain Hi everyone, so I've been raising these questions on the various conlang discord channels, and in the Small Discussions area, but not getting consistent /any responses, which is why I'm posting it here.. The program is available in three forms. In a sense - you can specify syllable boundaries in rules (using suprasegmental characters which carry that feature, such as stress marks, or by the feature itself), and in the reverse applier the possible antecedent words are limited by (optional) syllable structure definitions. Mark Rosenfelder, 2018. From: Henrik Theiling <theiling@.> Date: Sunday, May 14, 2006, 21:43 |< < Post > >| << List/Tree >> May 2006 Index. Gen. can help with categories. define the variables to match how you've set up the .lex Is it possible? the second gives the name of the .sc file, containing the sound changes The first option just prints each output word; this is good for generating a new list of words (e.g. p goes to b, Conlang.org, LCS, is a site for conlangers, would-be conlangers, those interested in or curious about conlangs and anything else to do with conlanging. where the __# means that the stop in question (__) is at the end of a word (#). (Spaces between >, ->, => and / are insignificant.). By what means might the roots "let" and "ly" mean the same thing in a naturalistic conlang? Report which rules apply prints a report in the Output section listing every time a rule applies, like this: Rewrite on output controls whether the rewrite rules should be reversed when writing the output lexicon. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. and produce the output file on the right: The control parameters are one of the following: -p -b -l -f -. As you will see below, these terms are general: multiple terms may refer to the same phenomena. Unexpected uint64 behaviour 0xFFFF'FFFF'FFFF'FFFF - 1 = 0? Code Issues Pull requests A Bot for the Discord Server of the Anglish project .

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